Lessons of Van Gogh
There are few teachings about art and life that mean more to me than those expressed in the 22 letters Vincent Van Gogh wrote to his friend, Émile Bernard. In his letters to Bernard, Van Gogh advocates for unity and collaboration among artists. He discusses the importance of working directly from nature. He shares his views on painting techniques, color relationships, and the need for patience and hard work in the artistic field. Vincent reflects on the role of art, life, and the possibilities of existence in different worlds. His letters also contain personal advice, observations on society, and a critique of certain artistic works. Overall, Vincent Van Gogh emphasizes the need for authenticity, dedication to one's craft, and the pursuit of genuine artistic expression.
I have chosen what I feel are the most relevant teachings from these letters with the hope that the reader can gain a better understanding of how Van Gogh lived and worked. Following is a summary of these teachings; click on the links for comprehensive excerpts from the letters.
Vincent Van Gogh expresses the importance of imagination in creating a more exhilarating and consoling nature than reality alone. He follows no strict brushwork system, embracing roughness in technique to challenge preconceived ideas. Working directly on site, he captures the essence in drawings and uses simplified tints to fill spaces. He also makes use of impasto in his work. He admires the naivety of Japanese art and aims to create naive images. Vincent acknowledges the difficulty of achieving perfection but persists in his artistic pursuits. He values realism and working from nature, fearing abstraction may compromise his work.
Vincent Van Gogh encourages his friend, Émile Bernard, to avoid passing judgments on other artists and suggests living a healthy lifestyle to improve his well-being. He urges Bernard to immerse himself in nature, which will lead to a stronger artistic expression. Van Gogh values Dutch masters and encourages Bernard to find his own unique style. He expresses his admiration for Bernard's work and offers support by collecting his pieces. Vincent advises Bernard to explore different subjects and find what resonates with him.
Van Gogh discusses the use of color in the Japanese manner and the significance of black and white as colors. He emphasizes the relationship between blue, yellow, and orange in painting. He shares paintings of the countryside of Crau and Camargue, drawing inspiration from Cézanne and Monticelli. He mentions decorating his studio with paintings of sunflowers against various blue backgrounds. Vincent describes studies of a quarry entrance and lilac plowed fields with mountains in the background, reflecting on his state of health and artistic control.
Van Gogh advocates for unity and collaboration among artists to foster better work and eliminate trivial conflicts. He suggests that painters should support each other and avoid selfishness. Emphasizing the importance of harmony and exchange of ideas, Vincent mentions the advantage of painters emigrating to the south of France for better productivity. However, he also expresses reservations about forming rigid institutions and prefers a natural and harmonious union among painters. He admires the Japanese artists' practice of exchanging ideas and love for one another as an example to follow. Overall, he encourages a cooperative and supportive atmosphere among artists to improve their work and well-being.
Van Gogh contemplates the potential for collaborative paintings to reach new heights and emphasizes the eternal life and serenity preached by Christ. He discusses the limitations and challenges faced by painters in their profession, imagining the possibility of a transformed existence as a painter-butterfly on other planets. Vincent finds inspiration in the Christ figure as an artist, creating living men instead of statues. He discusses the importance of studying society and avoid moralizing. He acknowledges the challenges faced by artists and advocates for patience and resilience. Van Gogh expresses a dislike for rules and dogmas. He acknowledges the difficulties society poses, leading to impotence and imperfection in the work of artists.
Van Gogh encourages us to learn to live and paint authentically without relying on deceitful ways. He shares practical tips for painting in the wind and discuss the importance of patience, intensity of thought, and natural tastes in painting. Van Gogh acknowledges the challenges of the artist profession and emphasizes the need for hard work and patience. He also mentions the possibility of mistakes leading to amazing outcomes.

A Note on Vincent Van Gogh's Letters
United States English versions of excerpts of Vincent's letters which appear on this website have been compiled from translations from various sources and amended by Paul Bead to reflect his interpretation of Vincent’s lessons.
For the full versions of Vincent’s letters referenced on this website, plus translations and detailed notes, the reader is invited to following the links below, courtesy of the Van Gogh Letters Project.
Arles, Mid April 1888
Arles, June 1888 (First Letter)
Arles, June 1888 (Second Letter)
Arles, June 1888 (Third Letter)
Arles, June 1888 (Fourth Letter)
Arles, July 1888 (First Letter)
Arles, July 1888 (Second Letter)
Arles, July 1888 (Third Letter)
Arles, July 1888 (Fourth Letter)
Arles, September 1888 (First Letter)
Arles, September 1888 (Second Letter)
Arles, October 1888 (First Letter)

